Zeroth law of Thermodynamics and thermodynamics properties

Zeroth Law:-
When two bodies or systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third one then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.

Zeroth law of Thermodynamics

                         

                                        


Properties:-

• Identifiable characteristic features that describe or specify a system are known as property.
• Properties are the coordinates to describe the state of a system and therefore they are termed as state variables.
• The important conditions to be fulfilled to specify the state of a system:-

1.     The properties must be uniform throughout the system.

2.     The value of all properties should be invariant with time.

   There are two types of property:-

    → Extensive properties

      → Intensive properties

Extensive properties:-

    The properties which depend on the extent of the system and hence are directly proportional to the mass of the system are known as extensive properties.

Intensive properties:-

   The properties that do not depend upon the mass of the system and assume finite values even if the mass of the system approaches zero are known as intensive properties.

Thermodynamic equilibrium:-

   A system to be in Thermodynamic Equilibrium the property should remain variant with time and that should be uniform  within the system.

Thermodynamic equilibrium 

 #Thermal equilibrium            #Mechanical equilibrium    #Chemical equilibrium

Thermal equilibrium:-

The equilibrium states achieved by two (or more) system,         characterized by restricted values of the thermodynamic property of the system, after they have been in communication with each other through a diathermic wall. For thermal equilibrium temperature gradient should be zero.

thermal equilibrium

                      

Mechanical equilibrium:-
In the absence of any unbalance force within the system itself and also between the system and the surroundings, the system is said to be in a state of mechanical equilibrium. If an unbalanced force exits, either the system alone or both the system and the surroundings will undergo a change of state till mechanical equilibrium is attend. For mechanical equilibrium pressure gradient has to be zero.

Chemical equilibrium:-
If there is no chemical reaction or transfer of matter from one part of the system to another, such as diffusion or solution, the system is said to exit in a state of chemical equilibrium.

Temperature:-
A thermodynamic property that determines whether or not a system is in thermal equilibrium with other systems.